Signs and Symptoms of Anemia

People develop anemia when they do not have enough healthy red blood cells to supply the body with oxygen. With various types and causes, this common anemia disorder can range from mild to severe. However, since the disorder can negatively impact a person's health, it is crucial to recognize the symptoms and seek treatment. Here is a closer look at anemia and how to recognize the signs and symptoms to seek help for yourself or a loved one.

What is anemia?

Anemia results from the body having insufficient red blood cells or not having enough healthy red blood cells. Red blood cells contain vital hemoglobin, a molecule the body needs to transport the oxygen the body needs to power its cells and produce energy. Untreated anemia can stress the heart greatly and cause various health issues, including pregnancy complications and developmental delays in children. Therefore, if someone notices the signs and symptoms of this disorder, it is crucial to talk to a doctor.

Causes of Anemia

Anemia can be the result of hereditary or acquired conditions and nutritional deficiencies. There are hundreds of types of anemia, but the most common is a type created by nutritional deficiency called iron-deficiency anemia. This form of anemia results from the body not having enough iron to make the hemoglobin necessary to transport oxygen. Other causes are due to underlying conditions or illnesses that affect the shape, quality, and quantity of blood. Identifying the cause is important in determining the type of treatment.

Signs and symptoms of anemia

Mild anemia may not have any outward signs. This condition can affect everyone differently. However, extreme tiredness is almost universal. Other common symptoms include dizziness, headaches, trouble concentrating, irritability, loss of appetite, and numbness in the hands and feet. Symptoms may also include rapid heartbeat and pain in the chest, belly, and joints.

Symptoms tend to worsen as the condition progresses. As anemia becomes more severe, other symptoms may arise, including:

• Blue color in the whites of eyes
• Brittle nails
• Mouth ulcers or sore tongue
• Decreased sex drive
• Increased menstrual bleeding in women
• Shortness of breath, even at rest
• Pale or yellow skin
• Lightheadedness when standing up

Severe anemia can lead to a condition known as pica syndrome, a condition in which a person has a desire to eat non-food items such as ice.

Anemia risk factors

Anyone can develop anemia. However, certain individuals are at higher risk than others. Those with poor diets are at higher risk, as are those with intestinal disorders and those who suffered severe blood loss. It is crucial these individuals speak to their doctor if they notice the above symptoms. Others at elevated risk for anemia include:

• People over 65
• Pregnant women
• Menstruating women
• Cancer patients
• Those with chronic conditions
• Those with a family history of anemia

Exposure to toxins and incertain infections can also raise a person's risk. Certain medications can also increase a person's risk for anemia.

How doctors diagnose anemia

It is important to see a healthcare provider if anemia is suspected, especially if symptoms seem to be getting worse. The practitioner will likely order a complete blood count or CBC to evaluate the number and condition of the patient's red blood cells and possibly the patient's iron and B vitamin levels. They may even have a person's blood cells examined under a microscope by ordering what is known as a peripheral blood smear test. This test and a CBC are often ordered together when investigating anemia.

These tests will help confirm the diagnosis and help pinpoint the cause. However, because there can be many causes of this conditioning, the provider must review them with a patient's health history and other important health information. In addition, the doctor may order further tests.

Treatment options for anemia

Since so many cases of anemia can be successfully treated by fixing nutritional deficiencies, this is often the first step in treating the condition. Iron and other supplements may be prescribed along with diet changes. Then, the doctor will monitor the patient to ensure their condition is improving.

There are many other causes and types of anemia, and sometimes, the condition calls for further intervention, such as medication. If a patient has anemia due to an underlying condition, the doctor will also treat that condition. Some cases may require referral to a hematologist, which is a healthcare provider specializing in treating blood disorders like anemia.

Do not ignore signs of anemia

Anemia is usually a treatable and curable condition. The important thing to do is talk to your doctor as soon as possible when you notice symptoms, especially if you have any risk factors. If you have more questions on recognizing the signs and symptoms of anemia, call Lindenberg Cancer & Hematology Center today.

Request an appointment here: https://lindenbergcancer.com or call Lindenberg Cancer & Hematology Center at (856) 475-0876 for an appointment in our Marlton office.

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